Docker¶

Once you get a bit of a rhythm with docker, it becomes pretty fun. Here are notes I took while reading some Docker books. Two good ones that I'd recommend are:

Using Docker
Docker in Action

Some kubernetes notes are here.

Useful commands¶

docker inspect <containerid> - Shows IPAddress among other things.
docker diff <containerid> - List of files changed in the container.
docker logs <containerid> - list of everything that happened in the container.
docker start <containerid> - Start an exited/stopped container. START IS FOR CONTAINERS.
docker rm <containerid> - Remove a container.
docker run -it --name mynewcontainer centos bash - Run bash in a container called 'mynewcontainer' with centos as the base.
docker commit mynewcontainer arun/mynewcontainer - Create an image out of a container (either running or stopped).
docker run arun/mynewcontainer echo hi - Run echo on a new container and exit.
docker build -t arun/mynewcontainer . - Read Dockerfile from PWD and build a new container with that tag.
docker push arun/mynewcontainer - Push to docker hub or some other registry.
docker pull arun/mynewcontainer - Pull from docker hub or some other registry.
docker run arun/mynewcontainer –name test -d /usr/bin/nginx - daemonize and run a pulled image. RUN IS FOR IMAGES.
docker run --rm -it --link myredis:redis redis /bin/bash - Woah. We ran another container and linked it to the existing 'myredis' container as 'redis' on the new one, i.e. /etc/hosts has an entry called 'redis' pointing to the old one.
docker system info - Versions and other useful info.
docker system df -v - Shows shared and unique image size usage, very useful to understand real disk utilization.

Cleanup¶

Old and busted¶

docker rmi $(docker images --filter "dangling=true" -q --no-trunc) - For images
docker rm -v $(docker ps -aq -f status=exited) - Remove all exited containers.

New hotness¶

docker system prune
docker container prune
docker network prune
docker volume prune

Difference between Stopped Container and Image: stopped container retains its changes, settings, metadata, filesystem, runtime configuration, etc. Images don't have runtime information.

Better/faster builds¶

Turn this environment variable on to use the new build kit:

DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1

More here.

Dockerfile¶

FROM centos:7
LABEL maintainer="Beech Team <[email protected]>"
RUN yum update && yum install -y emacs

Note: each command creates a layer, so try to squeeze stuff into a single command.

Then build it like this:

docker build -t test/myemacs .

And run it like this:

docker run test/emacs emacs .bashrc

If you add this line to the Dockerfile:

ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/emacs"]

then you can directly run the container and pass the args without mentioning the command, i.e.

docker run test/emacs .bashrc

COPY in a Dockerfile instructs Docker to copy a file from the host to the container. e.g.

COPY entrypoint.sh /

VOLUME is used to define a mount point for persistent data. Note that in a Dockerfile, you can only specify the path inside the container. e.g.

VOLUME /root/data

To map it to a host directory at runtime, use the -v flag:

docker run -it -v `pwd`:/root arunsrin/testpy

Instead of VOLUME, if you use ADD or COPY, it'll be baked into the image and available to anyone who downloads it. e.g. requirements.txt. Use ADD or COPY for making it part of the image, and VOLUME for sharing data between host and container. Unlike COPY, ADD also accepts URLs as a source, and unpacks it if it's an archive. e.g.

ADD . /python-oauth

When running a command like docker build -t asda/asd ., the . is the build context. Its contents are tar'd and sent to the Docker daemon so that ADD and COPY commands work seamlessly. Don't run this on a large folder like ~!!

docker-compose: stop all containers when one dies¶

From here:

docker-compose up --abort-on-container-exit

This will stop all containers launched via docker-compose when one of the containers stops.

Run redis on windows¶

My teams' integration tests need this and I'm the only windows guy!

docker run -d -p 6379:6379 redis:6